Fungi are a vital yet often overlooked part of the natural ecosystem, playing an important role in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients. Britain is home to over 15,000 species of fungi, and any of these species are critical to woodland health, forming symbiotic relationships with trees.

A fungus is made up of several distinct structures, the most prominent being the mycelium, which is a network of fine, thread-like filaments called hyphae. The mycelium grows underground, absorbing nutrients from organic matter through the process of decomposition.

Above ground, fungi often produce fruiting bodies, such as mushrooms or toadstools, which are the reproductive structures that release microscopic spores into the environment allowing fungi to colonise new areas.

Unlike plants, fungi do not photosynthesise; instead, they break down complex organic materials with enzymes, playing a crucial role in nutrient cycling. Their cell walls are made of chitin, a tough substance also found in insect exoskeletons, rather than cellulose, which is found in plants.

Fungi provide food and habitat for numerous wildlife species, including insects, birds, and small mammals. With their diverse forms, colours, and ecological importance, fungi are a fascinating and essential component of our biodiversity.