Seal Spotting
The coastlines of the British Isles are home to two species of seal: the grey seal and the harbour, or common, seal.
With around 40% of the world’s grey seal population living in British waters, and many harbour seals also calling the region home, seal spotting is a fantastic wildlife experience. Whether you’re exploring rugged cliffs or tranquil estuaries, these tips will help you make the most of your seal-watching adventure.
Where to go seal spotting
Farne Islands, Northumberland: A top destination for seal spotting, especially grey seals. Take a boat trip to see them basking on the rocks or swimming playfully in the waters.
Blakeney Point, Norfolk: One of the largest grey seal colonies, particularly busy during the winter pupping season.
Moray Firth, Scotland: A great location to see both harbour and grey seals, often seen resting on the mudflats and rocky shores.
Skomer Island, Pembrokeshire: The cliffs and sheltered coves here are home to a thriving seal population, especially during autumn when seal pups are born.
Orkney and Shetland Islands, Scotland: Both grey and harbour seals are abundant around these northern isles, with boat trips offering close-up views.
Galway Bay, Ireland: Home to a population of harbour seals, this is a great spot for a scenic day of seal watching.
The Wash, East Anglia: A major site for harbour seals, particularly around sandbanks and estuaries.
When to go seal spotting
Breeding Season: The best time to spot seals on land is during their breeding seasons. Grey seals pup in the autumn and winter (October to January), while harbour seals give birth in the summer (June to August). During these periods, seals haul out onto beaches to give birth and care for their pups, making them easier to see.
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Low Tide: Seals haul out onto rocks, sandbanks, and beaches during low tide to rest and warm up. Check tide times for the best viewing opportunities.
Early Morning or Late Afternoon: Seals are often more active in the water during these times, and beaches tend to be quieter, increasing your chances of spotting them undisturbed.
What to Look For
Grey Seals: Look for their long, dog-like faces and mottled grey coats with dark patches. They’re larger than harbour seals, with males having an arched “Roman” nose.
Harbour Seals: Smaller and with a rounder, more cat-like face, harbour seals have a distinctive “V” shape to their nostrils. Their coats are usually grey or brown with fine speckled patterns.
During pupping season, grey seal pups are born with a fluffy white coat that they shed after a few weeks. Harbour seal pups are born with a more adult-like appearance, but they are small and adorable. Be mindful of young pups, as disturbing them could cause their mothers to abandon them.
While seals are often seen lounging on beaches or rocks, keep an eye on the water. Seals are curious creatures and will often pop their heads above the surface, known as “bottling,” to observe their surroundings. If you’re near a cliff or harbour, you might spot them playfully swimming or hunting for fish.
Seal Watching Etiquette
Keep your Distance: Seals are wild animals, and disturbing them can cause stress, especially during breeding season. If you’re on foot, observe from a distance of at least 100 metres. If you’re in a boat, avoid getting too close or making loud noises that might startle them.
Use Binoculars: To get a closer view without disturbing the seals, bring a pair of binoculars. You’ll be able to observe their behaviours, from basking on the rocks to swimming in the water.
Respect Rookery Areas: During the pupping season, many beaches and rookeries will have signs or fenced-off areas to protect the seals. Make sure to respect these zones to ensure the seals’ safety.
Plan a boat trip
One of the best ways to see seals up close without disturbing them is to join a guided boat tour. Many coastal locations in the UK and Ireland offer seal-watching boat trips, particularly around the Farne Islands, Blakeney Point, and the Hebrides. These tours are led by knowledgeable guides who can help you spot the seals and provide insights into their behaviour and habitat.
Pack the essentials
Clothing: Dress in warm, waterproof layers as coastal weather can be unpredictable. Even in summer, it can be chilly near the water.
Binoculars and Camera: A good pair of binoculars is essential for seal watching from a distance, and a camera with a zoom lens will help you capture great shots without getting too close.
Tide Times and Local Guides: Research the best times and places for seal watching. Local nature reserves or visitor centres often provide tide tables and the best viewing spots.
Responsible tourism
Seal populations can be sensitive to human disturbance, so always follow local guidelines and respect wildlife protection measures. Many areas with seal colonies are designated nature reserves or protected zones, so ensure you’re familiar with any restrictions.
Seal spotting is a rewarding and unforgettable experience, offering a glimpse into the lives of these charismatic marine mammals. By following these tips and being mindful of their habitat, you can enjoy a memorable seal-watching adventure along the stunning coastlines of the UK and Ireland.
